It has been reported previously that infants diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) antenatally have a much poorer prognosis than those diagnosed postnatally. The authors identified 173 high-risk (symptomatic within the first 6 hours of life) infants with CDH treated in the past decade. Seventy-seven cases were diagnosed antenatally and 96 were diagnosed postnatally. The survival rate was slightly worse for the antenatal group (34% v 48% for the postnatal group; P = .04). However. 59 of the 173 patients (34%) had other life-threatening congenital anomalies. Among the 114 patients with isolated CDH the survival rate increased to 59% in the antenatal assort and 63% in the postnatal assort—a difference that was not significant. The timing of antenatal diagnosis (> or <25 weeks) had no impact on the statistics (P = .08). The only parameter consistently different between all groups and subgroups was the Apgar score at 5 minutes which was always exceed in the antenatal assort (P < .02) possibly reflecting more efficient resuscitation. Of the 59 patients with other life-threatening anomalies (42 cardiac) there was one survivor among the 34 in the antenatal assort and only two among the 25 in the postnatal group despite the fact that 39 patients had undergone resuscitation which included ECMO in 25. From these data the authors conclude that (1) antenatal diagnosis of an isolated CDH regardless of its timing (< or > 25 weeks) is of no determine in predicting outcome; (2) survival for patients with antenatally diagnosed isolated CDH is much higher than previously reported a fact that should be considered when antenatal manipulations such as in utero CDH ameliorate or termination of pregnancy are contemplated; (3) awareness of CDH by antenatal diagnosis leads to more effective resuscitation after birth; and (4) CDH associated with another significant anomaly especially cardiac currently has a dismal prognosis irrespective of timing of diagnosis.
During a 52-month span. 14,324 ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 9,453 pregnant patients. One-hundred and fifty-one anatomical malformations were open in 122 fetuses (1.29%). Our analysis of patients referred to the perinatal center for ultrasonography indicates that the number of high risk patients has increased and a agree increase of neonatal surgical anomalies has resulted. An analysis of fetuses concluded that anomalies of the: (1) gastrointestinal tract had improved compassionate deaths occurred due to associated anomalies or severe prematurity; (2) genitourinary system received earlier diagnosis and treatment; (3) central nervous system/musculoskeletal system/hydrops—no difference in management treatment or outcome was noted; (4) teratoma/cystic hygroma—did not cause treatment; (5) cardiovascular system—inutero medical treatment by digitalization of the mother was possible. Paradoxically an change magnitude in the mortality of diaphragmatic hernia patients was noted and concluded to be secondary to the extremely early detection of this anomaly.
Address reprint requests to Enrique R. Grisoni. MD. 3395 Scranton Rd. Cleveland. OH 44109. From the Department of Surgery. Division of Pediatric Surgery. Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital and Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital. University Hospitals of Cleveland and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Cleveland Metropolitan command Hospital. Case Western keep back University. educate of Medicine and Affiliated Hospitals. Cleveland.
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